I'm in the process of building one in Chicago, and this topic is also very much on my mind, since I'll have to park the bike in public from time to time.
I figure the most important things are: 1) Make your bike appear less desirable than others around it. This is a bit tricky when you've got disc brakes, let alone a motor, controller, battery, handlebars with wires coming out of them, and an aftermarket fork. Casual bike thieves tend to go for bikes that *look* valuable, ignoring beat-up looking courier bikes that are actually fast as all hell. Serious bike thieves look at components, not the condition of the finish on the frame. There are a whole lot more casual bike thieves, but both groups notice disc brakes.
My only solution here is to build off a bog-standard beach-cruiser model in matte black, make the battery removable, and hide the rest as best I can.
About the best I've got going for me in this regard is that e-bikes are exceedingly rare in Chicago. I don't think I've ever seen one. And so I reckon, anyone seeing mine when the battery pack is removed will not know what they're looking at. It will be an odd-looking bicycle with what looks like a large hub gear system. Heck, Chicago's
shared bicycles look more electric than mine will.
2) Make your bike harder to steal than the other bikes around it. The plain truth is that bicycle theft is a crime of opportunity. Nobody is *planning* to steal your bicycle; they're just looking for *a* bicycle. In Chicago, it's fairly normal for people with good bikes to use two or more locks. Generally it's a heavy-duty D-lock and a heavy chain, the logic being that a thief would need two tools, but would likely only have one, and it would take at least double the time. Also, other bikes nearby would likely have easier locks to break.
I figure on two D-locks and a chain, though I won't need to use all of them every time I pop to the shops.
But still, it's Chicago. Bikes get stolen -- in fact, there's a market where you can buy your stolen bike back within a week or so. Still, I'd prefer not to do that, and am very interested in hearing what others here do about security.
Surely one of you has figured out a security system that delivers an electric shock to anyone who touches the frame or handlebars, right? I'd like one of those.