IamIan
100 mW
Just putting out a (fun to me) thought (all old stuff) about combining numerous different high efficiency vehicle power source themed vehicles power sources.
Others thoughts / experiences are of course welcome.
Starting with Reduce:
A small and light vehicle , big enough to meet the majority 90+% of someone's transportation mile needs .. this takes my mind to some variation of Velomobiles.
Pedal Power
It is good for human health to have physical activity (exercise) .. soo reusing that physical activity (exercise) in a productive way to help contribute to the yearly transportation energy needed is a beneficial reuse .. a person might be able to peak higher for a short burst , but as far as I know 50-100watts sustained rates for reasonable fit person .. the general recommendation is ~150 minutes per week .. ~75w x 150min x 52weeks = ~10kwh per year if used directly (chain/belt/shaft drive) .. if time of application is separated from time of use .. cycling / storing through a battery will have losses ~85% generator ~95% electronics ~95% battery ~95% electronics ~85% motor = ~62% of original left .. aka ~6kwh kinetic energy per year.
PV
Cover top side surface area with photovoltaic .. sunlight will be shining on it anyway .. weather it's put to use or not .. As far I am aware .. just using the existing upper (sky side) surface area would be about ~200 rated watts of PV .. on a reasonable/average location installed reasonably well for orientation as such , ~4 'sunhours' per average day (more in summer , less in winter) x 365 days a year = ~292 kwh per year .. from my own person experience with curve fitting PV panels on my 2000 Honda Insight , the mobile mount application has significantly less well orientated (PV cell further from perpendicular to sun light) , and on a yearly basis was about ~1/2 the kwh of a properly orientated and such stationary install of the same rated watts .. soo 292 / 2 = ~146 kwh per year from PV is available (if parked outside instead of a garage) if used directly .. if one has to store and then later use it for kinetic movement energy at a later time .. ~95% electronics ~95% battery ~95% electronics ~85% motor = ~72% of original left .. aka ~105 kwh of kinetic energy per year.
SolarThermal (ST)
When the PV puts out that ~146kwh of electricity it also did about ~730kwh of thermal/heat energy .. with the balance of solar light energy input it didn't convert to electricity.
ST-Peltier
If one achieved ~5% efficient Peltier conversion ~730kwh or heat could become ~36kwh of electricity .. stored for kinetic energy use at a latter time again sees that ~72% loss PV did or about ~25kwh of kinetic energy per year.
ST-Merideth
The P51 with ~1500HP (~1118 kw) was claimed to produce about ~300 Lbs of radiator thrust .. I suspect it's reasonable to consider that a upper end best case .. 1118/300 = ~3.7 Kw per Lb of thrust .. ~730 kwh of heat all in 1 hour would produce at most 197 Lbs of thrust for that 1 hour .. but .. sense this solar thermal energy is spread over the entire year's ~4,380 solar hours .. 197 / 4380 = it would be at best ~0.045 lbs of thrust spread out over all those sunshine daylight hours .. I suppose some % of that could indirectly benefit .. air flow to cool the PV , air flow to cool the occupant , etc.
ST-storage JetTurbine/Merideth
Even vacuum thermal storage would have significant thermal losses over weeks / months .. but as far as I know jet turbines only are able to convert about ~1/3 of the input energy into kinetic thrust energy .. soo .. at very best even with some type of advanced vacuum thermal storage 730 / 3 = ~240 kwh of kinetic energy per year.
Heat Pump
I suppose it would be possible to use a high efficiency heat pump to have ~3x as much thermal energy as one would get kinetic energy , from the same electrical energy applied .. so ~105 x 3 = ~315kwh looks good .. but even with something like vacuum insulated thermal storage there would be fairly quick losses over days of time .. and as far as I know turbines like jets and such only manage to convert about ~1/3 of the into energy into thust/kinetic energy .. soo the 315 would get converted back to 105 worth of kinetic energy .. although having a heat pump on board for heat in winter and cooling in summer would also have a potential comfort secondary effect.
Wind
Ventomobiles .. are like the wind turbine powered cousin of velomobiles .. instead of human pedal power .. they use wind turbines to either go forward directly into a head wind , down wind , or side wind , etc .. Windmobile like vehicles are like their ventomobile siblings, but they use sails , wings , and air-foils instead of wind turbines .. like the solar the amount varies allot .. and the wind will blow weather makes beneficial use of any of it or not .. instead of the oversized Ventomobile ratio , similar proportions to the velomobile and some ground clearance leaves about ~800mm diameter /2 = ~400mm radius (PiR^2 = 0.5m^2 area ) at ~4.4m/s (~10mph) wind speed that could be ~50watts at ~9.4m/s (~21mph) wind speed that could be ~500 watts .. etc .. on a yearly basis an average maybe around ~150kwh similar to the solar .. one benefit the turbine style of the Ventomobile has over it's sibling the Windmobile is that a turbine could be setup to store it for later use .. like the solar to store it for use later also sees that ~72% of original left .. aka ~108 kwh of kinetic energy per year.
Others thoughts / experiences are of course welcome.
Starting with Reduce:
A small and light vehicle , big enough to meet the majority 90+% of someone's transportation mile needs .. this takes my mind to some variation of Velomobiles.
Pedal Power
It is good for human health to have physical activity (exercise) .. soo reusing that physical activity (exercise) in a productive way to help contribute to the yearly transportation energy needed is a beneficial reuse .. a person might be able to peak higher for a short burst , but as far as I know 50-100watts sustained rates for reasonable fit person .. the general recommendation is ~150 minutes per week .. ~75w x 150min x 52weeks = ~10kwh per year if used directly (chain/belt/shaft drive) .. if time of application is separated from time of use .. cycling / storing through a battery will have losses ~85% generator ~95% electronics ~95% battery ~95% electronics ~85% motor = ~62% of original left .. aka ~6kwh kinetic energy per year.
PV
Cover top side surface area with photovoltaic .. sunlight will be shining on it anyway .. weather it's put to use or not .. As far I am aware .. just using the existing upper (sky side) surface area would be about ~200 rated watts of PV .. on a reasonable/average location installed reasonably well for orientation as such , ~4 'sunhours' per average day (more in summer , less in winter) x 365 days a year = ~292 kwh per year .. from my own person experience with curve fitting PV panels on my 2000 Honda Insight , the mobile mount application has significantly less well orientated (PV cell further from perpendicular to sun light) , and on a yearly basis was about ~1/2 the kwh of a properly orientated and such stationary install of the same rated watts .. soo 292 / 2 = ~146 kwh per year from PV is available (if parked outside instead of a garage) if used directly .. if one has to store and then later use it for kinetic movement energy at a later time .. ~95% electronics ~95% battery ~95% electronics ~85% motor = ~72% of original left .. aka ~105 kwh of kinetic energy per year.
SolarThermal (ST)
When the PV puts out that ~146kwh of electricity it also did about ~730kwh of thermal/heat energy .. with the balance of solar light energy input it didn't convert to electricity.
ST-Peltier
If one achieved ~5% efficient Peltier conversion ~730kwh or heat could become ~36kwh of electricity .. stored for kinetic energy use at a latter time again sees that ~72% loss PV did or about ~25kwh of kinetic energy per year.
ST-Merideth
The P51 with ~1500HP (~1118 kw) was claimed to produce about ~300 Lbs of radiator thrust .. I suspect it's reasonable to consider that a upper end best case .. 1118/300 = ~3.7 Kw per Lb of thrust .. ~730 kwh of heat all in 1 hour would produce at most 197 Lbs of thrust for that 1 hour .. but .. sense this solar thermal energy is spread over the entire year's ~4,380 solar hours .. 197 / 4380 = it would be at best ~0.045 lbs of thrust spread out over all those sunshine daylight hours .. I suppose some % of that could indirectly benefit .. air flow to cool the PV , air flow to cool the occupant , etc.
ST-storage JetTurbine/Merideth
Even vacuum thermal storage would have significant thermal losses over weeks / months .. but as far as I know jet turbines only are able to convert about ~1/3 of the input energy into kinetic thrust energy .. soo .. at very best even with some type of advanced vacuum thermal storage 730 / 3 = ~240 kwh of kinetic energy per year.
Heat Pump
I suppose it would be possible to use a high efficiency heat pump to have ~3x as much thermal energy as one would get kinetic energy , from the same electrical energy applied .. so ~105 x 3 = ~315kwh looks good .. but even with something like vacuum insulated thermal storage there would be fairly quick losses over days of time .. and as far as I know turbines like jets and such only manage to convert about ~1/3 of the into energy into thust/kinetic energy .. soo the 315 would get converted back to 105 worth of kinetic energy .. although having a heat pump on board for heat in winter and cooling in summer would also have a potential comfort secondary effect.
Wind
Ventomobiles .. are like the wind turbine powered cousin of velomobiles .. instead of human pedal power .. they use wind turbines to either go forward directly into a head wind , down wind , or side wind , etc .. Windmobile like vehicles are like their ventomobile siblings, but they use sails , wings , and air-foils instead of wind turbines .. like the solar the amount varies allot .. and the wind will blow weather makes beneficial use of any of it or not .. instead of the oversized Ventomobile ratio , similar proportions to the velomobile and some ground clearance leaves about ~800mm diameter /2 = ~400mm radius (PiR^2 = 0.5m^2 area ) at ~4.4m/s (~10mph) wind speed that could be ~50watts at ~9.4m/s (~21mph) wind speed that could be ~500 watts .. etc .. on a yearly basis an average maybe around ~150kwh similar to the solar .. one benefit the turbine style of the Ventomobile has over it's sibling the Windmobile is that a turbine could be setup to store it for later use .. like the solar to store it for use later also sees that ~72% of original left .. aka ~108 kwh of kinetic energy per year.
