Complete power loss, where an independent voltmeter (not the one built into the display or the battery) reads no or insufficient voltage at the battery output, is a battery problem.
Usually it is either a cell problem (one that drops below LVC under load) or an overcurrent problem (entire pack drops in voltage too much or BMS is set / designed for a lower current than is being drawn from it), or a temperature problem (overheating sensed by BMS so it shuts off).
If the voltage (measured by an independent voltmeter) at the battery output during the ride is not changing from the moment before the shutoff to the moment after the shutoff, it might be a connection problem between battery and controller...
..but that doesn't usually resolve by power cycling the battery, while a battery shutdown is often temporarily resolved by doing so.