CycleAnalyst CA3 and temp sensor connections

Santacruz

100 W
Joined
Jun 18, 2015
Messages
149
Hello all,

I am busy building my new project bike and have a question.
Motor is 5kw rear hub with 2 x hall and 2 x temp sensor wires.
I don't know if the temp sensor is 2 x in the motor, or if there is just one with 2 x wire coming from it.
I am using a SMVC96120 controller.
The controller has input for the temp sensor.
The temp sensor wire to controller I will use, to make use of throttle back on motor temp.
I can also monitor (and set throttle back) with the CA3.
So my question is:- Would one of the following options work:-
Tap into the temp sensor wire from motor to controller to be able to add the CA3 (only needs temp sensor wire, Gnd taken care of),
or, use the second temp wire on the second hall wire plug from the mtotor for the CA3.
 
Hi there,

I'm in a very similar boat to you. I'm working out the final electrical details in my EEB build powered by a Sabvoton 72150 & QS205 rear hub motor. Like you, I'm also using a CA3 display. I tried to get the temperature monitoring working yesterday but have thus far been unsuccessful.
I used the temp sensor signal wire from the motor's spare hall sensor connector (clear colored insulation) and the motor controller ground and wired them to the yellow/green temp connector from the CA3 but display still reads "0". I also tried using hall sensor connector ground but no change.
Measuring the resistance from the temp sensor to ground at room temp yields a reading of about 900ohms which does not seem to align with typical thermistor readings. The primary hall sensor connector temp sensor signal wire yields the same resistance value.

I wish I had a solution for you. Hopefully one of the experts can chime in. Someone has certainly dealt with exactly this problem before on this forum.

Take care
 
Just as a matter of interest, do you have the temp sensor enabled in CA program. (There are 2 types of sensor you can choose also)
 
You're right, it was not enabled in the temp settings menu hence the "0" value displayed.
However, now with it enabled I get either 94c (for 10k thermistor) or -25c if I select Linear type so something is still amiss...
 
You can only use one temperature sensor on either CA or controller, because they are measuring the resistance across it (via voltage drop), and that will be wrong with both connected (and witout knowing the exact circuit design of each, you can't really predict *how* it's wrong to compensate for it).


To find out if you have one or two sensors, disconnect the motor from anything else, and put the black lead of meter on one connector's temperature sensor wire, and the red lead on the other, and set the meter to continuity or 2Ohm range setting. If you get OL on the screen, they are two separate sensors. If you get a very low reading (near or at zero, a few ohms) then it's just one sensor, and wired out in parallel to both connectors.


To calibrate the CA (or the controller) for the sensor in the motor, you need to know which sensor part number it is. Without that, you will have to do some resistance measurements at different temperatures to get the info you need to put into the CA (and presumably the controller's setup program has a place for that too).

If it's a regular "10k NTC" type, with a "beta" of about 3900, then choose 10K NTC in the CA. Otherwise choose Linear, and then
Linear Type: The input voltage is scaled linearly into a temperature reading based on a custom scale and offset assuming a PTC (positive temperature coefficient) or silicon device.
you need to test and input those factors, if you don't have a partnnumber you can just look up the chart for.


[ Temp->0degC Volts ]
The sensor voltage at zero degrees. Only present if Linear Type is selected.

[ Temp->T Scale ]
The scaling factor in units of Deg/V for converting the sensor voltage into degrees. Only present if Linear Type is selected.

The voltage will be somewhere between zero and 5v, when connected to the CA. There won't be a voltage without this, only a resistance, so converting the one scale into the other takes some math (I'm not great with math, creating formulas and the like, so I used a guess-check-guesstimate-check-guesstimate-check-refine-check method that took a while).


If necessary, you can simply experiment with different values, and then test at different temperatures (as measured with a separate thermometer) until you find it is accurate (or close enough for your purposes).
 
Anyone ever done a MCU based multi-sensor gadget?

Could have different OT thresholds for different locations, controller vs stator vs battery

and then send a tripwire signal to the single CA input, or different levels for different levels of urgency. . .
 
Good advice, Amberwolf.

There is indeed only one thermistor which is wired in parallel to both the primary and spare motor hall sensor connectors.
It hadn't occured to me that being wired to both the CA and controller would be a problem.
I ended up disconnecting the sensor wire going to the contoller and configured the CA for linear type thermistor and calibrated it for the current ambient temp.
Not sure how accurately its reading across the temperature spectrum but it's definitely in the ball park and I'll work on getting it calibrated more accurately.

Thanks for the help!

Brett
 
Trumplestilskin said:
It hadn't occured to me that being wired to both the CA and controller would be a problem.
If it used a voltage output (like some digital sensors do, like some of the ones on computer motherboards, etc., LM35 types), then you could use it on multiple devices, as long as those devices have no internal pullups or pulldowns (meaning they can only work with voltage-output thermal sensors, not thermistors, etc).

But most of the controllers, and the CA, have those pullups, so you'd have to disconnect them internally to do this.

If you did that, on one of the devices, you probably could use it on both devices, as long as the device the pullup is removed from can be "adjusted" to calibrate for the behavior of the sensor on the remaining pullup in the ohter device.


If both devices can be finely adjusted like that, then you could probably get it to work on both of them, but noise/etc on the power supply of one can feed into the other device thru the pullup resistors and affect the readings, making it more complicated.
 
Having looked at my build set up, I now see I need to only have one temp take off. That is not a problem.
But, does raise a question. Would I be better using the wheel temp sensor to the controller, or to the cycle analyst.
I am thinking that if I use the cycle analyst I can see the temp display, but, maybe the Sabvoton(Generic?)96120 will be unhappy not having a temp signal.
What are your suggestions?
 
Santacruz said:
Would I be better using the wheel temp sensor to the controller, or to the cycle analyst.
I am thinking that if I use the cycle analyst I can see the temp display, but, maybe the Sabvoton(Generic?)96120 will be unhappy not having a temp signal.
I don't know what the controller's signal requirements are. If it requires a compatible temperature sensor to be connected and giving valid readings in order to operate correctly, and has no way to disable or alter this in it's setup program, then you'd have to use the sensor on that.

If it does not, then you'd have to decide which unit's temperature-controlled features are more useful or more important to you. For that, you'd need to compare the fucntions the controller lists in it's manual (if any), that can be modified by temperature, vs what the CA can do, and decide which you prefer.
 
I'm building this same basic configuration. In my QS205, I've confirmed there is only one physical temp sensor. The temp sensor pin on the primary QS205 hall sensor connector shows continuity to the temp sensor pin on the backup hall sensor connector.

It's either not the usual KTY sensor or there is some influence on the reading from the Sabvoton controller. Anyone seen this? Is there another likely sensor to check?

More details:

If I enable temperature sensing in Sabvoton, I get a good temp reading, shown on the configuration program. That is...until the motor spins. Then it is hopelessly unstable.

If I disable temp sensing in the Sabvoton, and then connect the temp sensor to the CA3, I get a steady temp reading on the CA3, motor running or not. The problem is it's the wrong temperature. I am using the sensor parameters in the CA3 table found on this board for the usual QS sensor:

4827E9BF-6344-4485-B0FF-8BF2D27B916C.jpeg

It shows about 50C on the CA3, when it's actually roughly 20C. The voltage reported by the CA3 is 1.02V, a multimeter on the temp pin confirms this reading. In the table above, I took the liberty of calculating the expected voltage reading at 20C. None are near 1V.

So far the eBike isn't yet rideable, the CA3 reading does fluctuate with ambient, and shows a slight rise after static motor tests.

Any thoughts appreciated.
 
QSmotors has different sensors they can put in motors, so I don't know which one they put in yours. If you got it directly from them, they might have a record of it, if it was custom. If not, the page you ordered from, if it's still there, might say which sensor it is.

If you have a way to apply a specific temperature to the sensor while it's on the CA, then you can use the custom sensor option in the CA setup menu, and adjust the values until the readings are close enough for you, at various points in the range you'll be using. Alternately you can use a regular thermometer to measure the ambient temperature at the motor casing, after having left the motor in that temperature for at least an hour or two to ensure it's about the same inside as outside. Then tweak the CA values till the two readings match. Then repeat this with a different ambient temperature, etc. Eventually, you can probably find the right values for the CA to interpret the sensor you have.


The other option is to open up the motor and add your own sensor that you know is compatible with the CA, and move the wires that go to the original sensor over to yours. (as there is not likely to be room in the axle for any more wires)


Regarding the problem with the controller temp reading jumping all over, that's from electrical noise from the phase wires induced into the temperature wire and probably the ground wire (whcih is shared with the hall signals, typically). You might be able to put a small ceramic capacitor (0.1uf or less) from temperature wire to ground wire at the connector between motor and controller and help with this some.

If it helps a little, but not enough, you could add another inside the motor, splicing it into the same wire pair whereever is convenient. Or inside the controller, similarly. Or both.

If none of those helps, you might either have to give the temp sensor it's own ground wire (adding a new one in the axle wires), or even adding a shielded twisted pair of new wires just for the temp sensor.

Running the temperature (and hall) wires separately from the phase wires, for as much of the run from motor to controller, will also help with induced noise from the phase wires...but there is still a run of wire from inside the motor thru the axle to the outside that you can't do much about, without runnign the halls and other non-phase wires thru a completely separate exit from the motor than the phase wires use (would require significant modification of the axle, or the sidecover/bearing).
 
amberwolf said:
QSmotors has different sensors they can put in motors, so I don't know which one they put in yours. If you got it directly from them, they might have a record of it, if it was custom. If not, the page you ordered from, if it's still there, might say which sensor it is.

If you have a way to apply a specific temperature to the sensor while it's on the CA, then you can use the custom sensor option in the CA setup menu, and adjust the values until the readings are close enough for you, at various points in the range you'll be using. Alternately you can use a regular thermometer to measure the ambient temperature at the motor casing, after having left the motor in that temperature for at least an hour or two to ensure it's about the same inside as outside. Then tweak the CA values till the two readings match. Then repeat this with a different ambient temperature, etc. Eventually, you can probably find the right values for the CA to interpret the sensor you have.


The other option is to open up the motor and add your own sensor that you know is compatible with the CA, and move the wires that go to the original sensor over to yours. (as there is not likely to be room in the axle for any more wires)


Regarding the problem with the controller temp reading jumping all over, that's from electrical noise from the phase wires induced into the temperature wire and probably the ground wire (whcih is shared with the hall signals, typically). You might be able to put a small ceramic capacitor (0.1uf or less) from temperature wire to ground wire at the connector between motor and controller and help with this some.

If it helps a little, but not enough, you could add another inside the motor, splicing it into the same wire pair whereever is convenient. Or inside the controller, similarly. Or both.

If none of those helps, you might either have to give the temp sensor it's own ground wire (adding a new one in the axle wires), or even adding a shielded twisted pair of new wires just for the temp sensor.

Running the temperature (and hall) wires separately from the phase wires, for as much of the run from motor to controller, will also help with induced noise from the phase wires...but there is still a run of wire from inside the motor thru the axle to the outside that you can't do much about, without runnign the halls and other non-phase wires thru a completely separate exit from the motor than the phase wires use (would require significant modification of the axle, or the sidecover/bearing).

All of this is good. Thanks for the reply.

It's interesting the CA3 can get a stable reading, where the Sabvoton can't. Would seem to indicate the CA3 has a better ADC, able to sift through the noise. The Sabvoton has no parameters for the temp sensor, only off or on, and if "on" some protection/rollback settings at high temps.

I will guess...since QS and Sabvoton seem to cooperate, the hard coded sensor calibration values the Sabvoton uses would match the QS default sensor. And at rest, it gives a reasonably accurate reading. Why the voltages on the CA3 don't match, is a mystery. I probably need to cut the temp sense wire in the primary hall connector, totally removing the Sabvoton controller and see what happens. The motor controller software on/off makes a difference, but the hardware in the motor controller could still be influencing the circuit.

I will ask the vendor and see what he might know. We've discussed the implementation, and pretty sure if it was non standard, he isn't aware.

As you suggested, when I can get the motor generating some heat, I can use an IR gun on the case, add a few degrees C, and make some guesses, getting the CA3 at least sort of calibrated. Here in FL, with our flat terrain, per the Grin motor simulator with a 5T winding, I can't overheat the motor on the street. Maybe in the sand, or at one of our quarry based dirt bike parks? But that's gonna be really rare, if ever, without an easy way to transport the eBike the 50 miles to get there.

If there is ever a need to open the case, I will add another sensor. I'm just not sure it's worth the effort for just this issue. It would take me a couple days. And yep, I'd go broke if I was a shop mechanic....
 
BlueSeas said:
It's interesting the CA3 can get a stable reading, where the Sabvoton can't. Would seem to indicate the CA3 has a better ADC, able to sift through the noise.
It's more likely that the CA just uses better software filtering, and/or it simply uses a longer averaging time. The more samples averaged together, the less variation you see, so spikes in the readings still affect the final reading, but you don't see the actual spikes on the display. ;)



I will guess...since QS and Sabvoton seem to cooperate,
Well, QS sells controllers with the name Sabvoton on them, as do other places. But that doesn't even mean that they *are* sabvotons, since that company itself vanished some years ago, and other companies have simply been using that name for whatever controller they make (many of which are similar, and are likely clones of the original, kinda like "infineon" controllers were for a while, years back, and many other ebike items are now and have been). Not that this really has anything to do with your issue.... :oops:


the hard coded sensor calibration values the Sabvoton uses would match the QS default sensor. And at rest, it gives a reasonably accurate reading. Why the voltages on the CA3 don't match, is a mystery.
Probalby the CA doesn't use the same voltage pullup on the signal line that the sabvoton does, so the charts only show what the SV might use. And at that, probalby only the variation of SV that QS actually sells.


I probably need to cut the temp sense wire in the primary hall connector, totally removing the Sabvoton controller and see what happens. The motor controller software on/off makes a difference, but the hardware in the motor controller could still be influencing the circuit.
If you've got the CA and SV connected in parallel to that signal, then yes, it will, because the SV has a pullup resistor from the signal line up to whatever voltage source it uses, and so does the CA. (that's how these sensors work--they're just resistance that changes with temperature, and one common way you read a resistance is to put it in a voltage divider, and then measure the voltage drop across the unknown one. If you already know what the voltage should be for a specific temperature (like the preset CA stuff, and the preprogrammed SV stuff), then you use it to calculate the temperature you actually have based on the voltage actually seen. If you don't know (like for the programmable CA mode), then you have to use a variable setting to replace this, which is what the CA does in that mode.



Anyway, if those pullup voltages are different but connected in parallel, then I don't know what effect that will have on the signal, but it should have one. Even if they're not different, it changes the current flow thru the sensor, which changes the reading because it changes the voltage drop across the sensor (higher than it would be if only connected to one of them).


As you suggested, when I can get the motor generating some heat, I can use an IR gun on the case, add a few degrees C, and make some guesses, getting the CA3 at least sort of calibrated.
You'd be better off to heat the motor with some controlled method over time enough to bring it all to the same temperature.

To do it the way you're describing, then to get reasonably accurate results, you'll need to let the motor sit for long enough to let the winding heat soak into the stator and then into the casing, or else it could vary by quite a lot from what your IR gun reads. That could be a lot longer than you want to sit there waiting by the side of the road or whatever. (because the case will keep cooling off faster than the stator heat radiates to it, since it has it's surface area exposed to the outside airflow (even a slight breeze can carry away quite a bit of heat, especially if the air is humid).
 
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