Recycled 18650. How do you test them?

bikefan1

10 mW
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Hi.

I'm gathered some laptop battery packs and I'm in the process of testing them but it is not going that well I think.
The thing is I have IMAX b6 charger (fake) when I discharge fully charged cell I always get 2048 mAh. What is going on, I cannot believe they are all at that capacity, also the voltage is a bit off that B6 is showing compared to my multimeter.

What method do you guys use to test cells? Maybe there is a better discharger (tester) available?
 

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Your imax charger seems at fault. Testing these kind of guys is tricky. I think the most common method is to batch-test in a way I'll vaguely describe:

If you have the right tools you can use a battery analyzer, or a recharge capable charger, and speed up some of this. The discharge process is really slow on most lipo chargers since it has to get rid of the heat within its case. So you do what you can to minimize that part of the system.

One of the best methods I think for fast discharging and testing the cells is to remember that batteries in series discharge the same current. So charge up your batteries to full charge, then make a rig that has a connector for a battery monitor and a few halogen lightbulbs (bulbs are great for radiating energy more easily than a convection/conduction heatsink - but just a resistor and heatsink works too!). Now discharge your cells in series until one reaches a cutoff voltage, and stop. You now have equally discharged the batteries so if you want to go the rest of the way you can use the charger to measure and add whatever it takes to recharge the worst battery (which is roughly at 97% efficiency). Fancier rigs will include a wattmeter in the setup. You might also get by with simple qualitative testing, weeding out the cells that seem to die quickly compared to the rest in the series connection, or that have high internal resistance (I recommend getting an IR meter if you can afford), and assume the remaining are suitable.

I dont know thats a quick rightup, but the truth is Dr.Angel has got a million pages documenting recycling 18650 cells. Bon voyage. I have done it once but am fairly confident i will not go through the effort again (shit ton of work..but also appealing on a recycling and cheapness perspective.)


To reiterate, you're right. no way in hell those batteries are all discharging the same amount.
 
One quick and dirty way is to parallel a number of cells (I usually do 8 at a time) and discharge them all at the same time to what you want to use as a cutoff voltage and then charge them individually and record the current needed to charge, that should give you a good handle on the capacities of the cells. 12V car lamps make good discharging loads, you will need to parallel several tail light bulbs to get sufficient current draw.
 
What cutoff voltage do you set? 3V, or a bit higher? From what I have seen the cells are not giving much current at such a low voltage.
I'm doing 48V 13s pack.

What about if cells are not charging to full 4.2V, some are at 4.15V others at 4.10V, are these that are at lower voltage not good or can they be used?
 
I go from 3.2V to 4.1V on testing and 3.6V to 4.05V on actual operation. It really depends on the individual cell types but since my packs are a mishmash of different cells I keep to a very conservative voltage swing.
 
If the cells get slightly warm when charging? They are not hot but if I touch them I can feel they have giving off a little heat.
Is that normal?
 
bikefan1 said:
If the cells get slightly warm when charging? They are not hot but if I touch them I can feel they have giving off a little heat.
Is that normal?


They can get slightly warm no problem, but uncomfortable warm would be around 45-50C and that's approaching bad territory. A cell that gets warm during charging at reasonable rates is probably going to be weeded out of the process later. It means either excess self-discharge or excess internal resistance, some combination thereof. If it's an anomaly in a set, I'd definitively pull it out, since you already know you don't want it bc it's simply different and that's usually bad. I also don't recycle cells with the intent of high-yield though, I feel it's best to err on side of caution.

I hope you have gone through much of angel's posts, lots of info there. I feel like its especially important to check steps and be comfortable with what is going on when recycling battery cells.
 
I'm currently building a station to test them with 4 dischargers (reads out mAh on an LCD and the voltage it is discharging to), 6 chargers all that I'm going to be mounting on a small piece of wood. Also bought 10 18650 cell holders so that'll work out nice with it. I'll be sure to post pics when it all comes (late this month), I have over 300 cells to test haha
 
makuch said:
I'm currently building a station to test them with 4 dischargers (reads out mAh on an LCD and the voltage it is discharging to), 6 chargers all that I'm going to be mounting on a small piece of wood. Also bought 10 18650 cell holders so that'll work out nice with it. I'll be sure to post pics when it all comes (late this month), I have over 300 cells to test haha

What kinda discharger do you have?
 
iMax, under "Program" is likely set at 120(?) minute "Safety Timer".
Set to "Off". ... ?

or

iMax, under "Program" is likely set at 2050 mAh "capacity cut-off".
Set to "Off". ... ?
 
DrkAngel said:
iMax, under "Program" is likely set at 120(?) minute "Safety Timer".
Set to "Off". ... ?

or

iMax, under "Program" is likely set at 2050 mAh "capacity cut-off".
Set to "Off". ... ?

I tried changing the timer to 140 min. Does not make a difference.

Also checked the capacity cut-off. It is set to 5000 mAh.

This evening I did try to discharge 2 in parallel (2A) and the imax stopped counting mAh at 4096 mAh.
 

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Very cheap "Fake"?
 
4096 is suspiciously 2^12. Maybe further suggests a software thing.
 
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