I am a 30 year old and i have always had one problematic knee. But i also have rather long legs. I thought a 175mm crank was appropriate for my height, but it just lead to discomfort and more pain. The 145mm sinz cranks i had on another bike made it very easy to pedal. I feel like i lost some of my ability to really crank on the pedals, however when i do really push on the 145mm cranks, i never get knee pain as a result.
( 20" wheel with a rather tall tire out back, 26" up front )
Here is my pike's peak race bike with the sinz 145mm cranks installed. The 165mm cranks previously on it would drag on the ground if i took a turn too sharp.. lol..