Here’s the low-down on chainrings…
There are two groups:
Road Bikes, and
Mt. Bikes. They are related in that they both use a chain and even a similar chain pitch. Width of the chain varies directly with the number of gear rings on the freehub/freewheel; a greater number of gears results in a more narrow chain (natch).
As a rule, Road Bikes accept 30-53 range on the forward-mounted (triple) chain ring. MtBs however are limited to 22-44 range, though some extreme go up to 48. (Larger chain rings are available though they are very difficult to find.) The Crank has to match the chain ring class; Road to Road (5-spoke), MtB to MtB (4-spoke). Also the Bolt-Circles of the two classes are different, so you can't mate a 5-holed Road chain ring to a 4-holed MtB crank. We're talking earth-shattering major conspiracy here!

:? :wink: :lol:
The next bit that is important is that the seat tube is different for a Road Bike (smaller) than for a MtB (larger). Lastly, Full-Suspension MtBs have one other condition which causes problems in that the swing of the rear suspension causes the MtB chain ring to migrate away from the frame so that the chain clears the framework.
I haven’t worked with BMX before (except to adapt a frame into a trailer last summer) however it’s in a slightly middle realm – not quite Road Bike or MtB. The seat tube can go either way; at least there is no rear suspension issues to worry about.
Now we focus on the derailleur: Road and Mt. Bikes are different here as well. The derailleur must match the class of chain ring employed. If you are using the 39-53 (double I presume) then you’ll need the Road derailleur. The angle of attack on a Road Bike is slightly different than a MtB; I think that for a double-ring you will be fine, but I had a triple and it caused some frustration.
In addition, Index-Shifting for Road Bike is slightly different than with MtB, and that is directly related to the distinct evolution between the two bike classifications; the throw or pull length (or offset) is mechanically different ever so slightly between the two so that adapting one to work with the other is difficult, though achievable with patience and coin.
This likely will not an issue with BMX frames... however the larger roady chain ring rubbed slighty against my FS-MtB frame. To resolve I ordered a custom Bottom Bracket from Phil Wood that allowed for the Campy chain ring to extend far enough to clear the frame.
The last tricky part was mounting the Campy derailleur (matching the chain ring size) to the MtB, and this took some custom machining to accomplish (read:
$$$).
In the end, I was able to adapt an 11-34 9-speed MtB Freewheel to a Campagnolo 30-39-53 Triple (Road) Chain Ring using a MtB rear derailleur and a Road front braze-on derailleur with custom mounting bracket. The caveats were:
- The chain was not long enough to link the 34-53 ratio (largest to largest)… but then why would I need to do that? :wink:
- I could not completely ratchet between 30-39-53; I was stuck between 39-53, or 30-39. If I dropped from 53 to 30, there was no return. So I gave up the lowest gear and instead leveraged the freewheel gearing. The reality is that On the Road, I used 39-53 in the front between the 3 smallest-sized (highest) freewheel gears to create the highest ratios for pedaling at the fastest speeds (33-36 mph). Thankfully never had to resort to lower ratios because I always had battery power.
I spent a lot of money in this exercise to discover that these two gearing philosophies are overtly and strategically designed this way for a reason… And I guarantee no one anticipated the needs of eBikes
All the best with your experimentation,
KF